This lab includes a theoretical explanation of how buffers work and how they are made, including a derivation of the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. Students will use what they have learned to ...

In many biological systems, pH can be used as a parameter to understand and study cell dynamics. However, measuring pH in live cell culture is limited by the sensor ion specificity, proximity to the ...

Electrochemical gradients are essential to the functioning of cells and form across membranes using active transporters. Here we show in contrast that condensed biomolecular systems—often termed ...

Strong base is added to three different buffers and water and the effect on pH is observed.

in 1909 S.P.L Sorenson, a Danish biochemist devised a scale known as pH to represents the H + ion concentration of an aqueous solution. The pH value of any solution is a number that simply represents ...