Richard A. Edwards, Permutations, Combinations, and Circular Seating Arrangements, The Mathematics Teacher, Vol. 110, No. 3 (October 2016), pp. 232-236 ...

Polynomial time algorithms are presented for inverting permutation tests. The one-sample permutation test is inverted to make confidence statements about a location parameter, and the two-sample ...

The team used a similar test, where the model guessed the final arrangement of particular digits (also called a permutation).